Cajamarca

Cajamarca is a historic Andean city in northern Peru and the capital of the Cajamarca region. Sitting at about 2,750 metres above sea level, it is best known as the place where Inca ruler Atahualpa was captured by Francisco Pizarro in 1532, a turning point in South American history.

The city centre is built around the Plaza de Armas, framed by the baroque Santa Catalina Cathedral and the Church of San Francisco, whose facade is carved from volcanic stone. A short walk away, the Cuarto del Rescate (Ransom Room) marks the small chamber where Atahualpa reportedly offered gold and silver for his freedom. Nearby, the Cerro Santa Apolonia viewpoint offers a climb to the Silla del Inca and views over the valley.

Beyond the centre, visitors explore the pre-Inca archaeological site and stone aqueduct of Cumbemayo, the Ventanillas de Otuzco burial niches and the thermal pools at Baños del Inca, where mineral-rich hot springs have been used for centuries. The surrounding countryside is known for dairy farms, green valleys and small weaving and cheese-making communities.

Cajamarca's economy combines agriculture, livestock and dairy production with the nearby Yanacocha gold mine, and the city hosts universities and regional trade activity. Its best-known celebration is the Carnival of Cajamarca, one of Peru's most colourful festivals, held each year around February and March.

For travellers, Cajamarca pairs a compact colonial centre and important history with Andean landscapes, thermal baths and regional food, making it a rewarding destination for both cultural tourism and business trips.