Arequipa

Arequipa is Peru's second-largest city and the capital of the Arequipa region, set at about 2,335 metres in the southern Andes. Known as the White City for its buildings made from white volcanic sillar stone, it is framed by the Misti, Chachani and Pichu Pichu volcanoes and enjoys a dry, sunny highland climate.

Founded by the Spanish in 1540, the city blends colonial and Indigenous influences. Its UNESCO-listed historic centre centres on the Plaza de Armas, with the baroque Cathedral and the ornate La Compañía Church, while the Monastery of Santa Catalina is a walled colonial complex of cobbled streets and vividly painted cloisters.

Popular districts include Yanahuara, known for its mirador and arches with views of Misti, Cayma for quieter residential life and cafés, and the historic centre for museums and landmarks. The Museo Santuarios Andinos preserves the frozen Inca mummy Juanita, and San Camilo Market offers a lively local food and produce experience.

Arequipa is one of Peru's most important economic and industrial cities, with strong links to mining, agribusiness and alpaca textile production. Its conference facilities, universities and business activity make it a regional hub, while its restaurants and picanterías make it a key destination in Peruvian gastronomy.

For travellers, Arequipa serves as the main gateway to the Colca Canyon and the surrounding volcanoes and highland reserves. The city works well for both leisure visitors interested in history and nature and business travellers seeking a well-connected southern-Peru base.