Muharraq

Muharraq is Bahrain's former capital and historic second city, set on Muharraq Island just northeast of Manama and connected to the capital by causeways. For centuries it was the heart of the Gulf's pearling economy, and that heritage still shapes the city's character today.

The old town is anchored by the UNESCO-listed Pearling Path, "Pearling, Testimony of an Island Economy", a walking route linking restored merchants' houses, warehouses and coastal landmarks. Highlights include the Sheikh Isa bin Ali House, the Siyadi complex, Qal'at Bu Mahir and the 16th-century Arad Fort, set among narrow lanes and traditional coral-stone architecture.

Muharraq Souq, including the restored Qaysariya market, remains a lively place for spices, sweets, textiles and local crafts, while the Shaikh Ebrahim bin Mohammed Al Khalifa Center for Culture and Research and surrounding cultural houses host exhibitions and talks. Beyond the historic core, districts such as Arad, Hidd, Busaiteen and Diyar Al Muharraq, together with the waterfront Amwaj Islands, add modern residential and leisure areas.

As the site of Bahrain International Airport and the headquarters of Gulf Air, Muharraq is closely tied to aviation, trade and business travel, with fast access to Manama's financial and government districts. In winter, the Muharraq Nights festival brings music, art and heritage events to the Pearling Path and old town.

For visitors, Muharraq offers a more intimate and traditional alternative to Manama, combining UNESCO heritage, a historic market, waterfront dining and a strong sense of Bahraini culture, while remaining minutes from the capital for business or leisure.